English
Psychoanalysis is an analytic practice therapy. Etymologically derived from the Greek language: psyche, soul or mind and Analysis. Freud is known as the father and founder of psychoanalysis. This neurologist who conducted most of his work in Vienna, generated an incredible revolution in the context of psychiatric theories of the nineteenth century.
He began his research with the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot in the field of applications of hypnosis as a treatment for hysteria, using it could both induce or inhibit all the symptoms present in the symptoms of the hysterical type, suggesting that the etiology provenance was not only organic but also psychological or mental. He abandoned hypnotic suggestion when he encountered resistance problems and the recurrence of symptoms that he sought to cure. Along with Joseph Brear he developed in Austria the cathartic method leading to psychoanalytic theory according to which hysterical neurotic symptoms stem from repressed traumatic memories in the unconscious because the ego of the subject is considered morally unacceptable, and therefore does not face them consciously, suggesting that these pathological traumas are residing in sexual events that allegedly occurred in the early developmental periods.
When Freud´s father died, he applied his theories to himself along with all the experience he had gained with clinical experimentation on patients, scrutinizing chronologically their emotions, memories and desires, then scrutinizing his psyche, and thus performing what is known in psychoanalysis as a self-analysis
Psychoanalysis was always evolving based on research data that was contributing. They created different currents and intervention schools. Among the collaborators and successors of Freud we can highlight names such as Otto Rank, Hanns Sachs, Marie Bonaparte, Oskar Pfister, Jacques Lacan and Erich Fromm among others.
Two other authors who also flirted with psychoanalysis but parted off to create their own very criticized theories were Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler. They differed mainly with the sexual etiology of neuroses, one of the key points of psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalysis has been tremendously criticized both in hypotheses and methods, but its contribution to psychology and psychiatry is of an indisputable value. Today, the term neurosis is no longer used and has been replaced by various disorders that cause many clinical conditions such as depression, anxiety, somatoform disorders, sexual ones, insomnia , adaptive trauma or personality ones.
We currently have many therapies addressing psyche, but all fall into one of the many branches of the mothers theories whether psychoanalytic, gestalt, behavioral, cognitive or pharmacological, the latter being the most widely used by systems-psychological psiquiatry i the developed world.
However, there are countries where the practice of psychoanalysis is very frequent, as is the case of Argentina, Chile and France.
Walk the streets of Vienna, the city that saw the brewing of psychoanalysis , and where you can find multiple references to it by renting apartments in Vienna
